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	<title>Rex Weyler &#187; denial</title>
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		<title>Humanity at the bargaining stage</title>
		<link>http://rexweyler.com/2010/02/16/humanity-at-the-bargaining-stage/</link>
		<comments>http://rexweyler.com/2010/02/16/humanity-at-the-bargaining-stage/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Feb 2010 18:37:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rex Weyler</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[collapse]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[denial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[grief]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[growth economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stages of grief]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainability]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Cultural habits – like people – go through stages when they face death. Dr. Elizabeth Kübler-Ross described this process as the “five stages of grief”: Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and finally acceptance of reality. In human society, growth economics will eventually collapse in the face of ecological reality. Humanity appears to be entering the bargaining stage. 
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US">Cultural habits – like people – go through stages when they face death. Dr. Elizabeth </span><span>Kübler-Ross described this process as the “five stages of grief”: </span><span lang="EN-US">Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and finally acceptance of reality. In human society, growth economics will eventually collapse in the face of ecological reality. We have witnessed decades of denial and anger about this end of growth, some remain stuck there, but society at large now appears to be entering the bargaining stage. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">  <o:p></o:p></span></font>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">  <span id="more-96"></span>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">This bargaining appears in thousands of new corporate marketing strategies that promote “sustainability.” They’ve changed the ink in the printing presses, rolled out green and blue designs, replaced lightning bolts with fern leaves, and stamped images of the earth on plastic containers. We now have “sustainable detergent,” “sustainable events,” “sustainable development,” “sustainable profits,” “sustainable fashions,” and even “sustainable countertops” for the kitchen makeovers of discerning consumers.  <o:p></o:p></font></span>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">The bargaining goes like this: If we call ourselves “green” and “sustainable” can we keep selling stuff? But like a drug addict, the patient has not yet changed the habit that is killing it. That habit is consumption growth. All these sustainable marketing campaigns are designed to sell more products to more people. Meanwhile, every day, we lose forests, exterminate species, erode soil, drain aquifers, and pump more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Eventually, we’ll notice that labeling things “sustainable” doesn’t make it so. That day may signal the “depression” stage.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">The foolish king  <o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">The bargaining strategy we know as “sustainable growth” gained popularity with the 1987 <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm"><span style="color: #943634">Brundtland Report</span></a></span> (<em>Our Common Future</em>),<em> </em>from the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development. The report recognized that human activity had caused serious ecological degradation, and they sought ways to reconcile economic growth, particularly for the poorer countries, with environmental health. The rich countries, meanwhile, sought ways to allow global corporations to continue plundering the earth for riches.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">The <span>Brundtland<strong> </strong></span>Report envisioned, “a new era of <span>economic growth … </span>that is forceful and at the same time socially and environmentally <span>sustainable</span>.” This idea represents a noble vision that most people would support: a growing human economy that relieves poverty while sustaining the Earth’s resources. However, in nature, all physical growth eventually stops. There are no exceptions.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">To understand why this is so, we must understand what real sustainability means in a biological habitat. For a species to maintain a pattern of energy and material exchange with its environment over a long period of time, it must achieve what biologists call homeostasis or dynamic equilibrium, whereby its consumption remains below the energy input into the system.<span>&nbsp; </span>  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">We must also understand the nature of exponential growth. <span>“The greatest shortcoming of the human race,” says </span>physicist <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-QA2rkpBSY"><span style="color: #943634">Dr. Albert Bartlett</span></a></span> at the University of Colorado, “<span>is our inability to understand the exponential function.”</span> Since human population and consumption have been growing for thousands of years, we might assume that we can continue to grow for thousands more, but this is not how exponential growth works. This complex-sounding bit of arithmetic is actually quite simple.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">Any material growth (a fixed or variable percent increase per year) eventually yields a huge number over time. You may have heard the story of the legendary king who agreed to pay a clever inventor with one grain of rice on the first square of a chess board, two grains on the next square, then four, eight, sixteen, and so forth. This is a story about exponential growth. All such growth has a doubling time, represented by the 64 squares of the chess board. However, by the time the foolish king reached square number 30, he needed a billion grains of rice. By square 40, a trillion grains, and the kingdom was bankrupt. This is the power of exponential growth.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0.25in 0pt 0in" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">In one of the more famous cases of delusion about endless growth, American </span><span style="font-size: 12pt">business professor </span><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">Julian Simon claimed </span><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">in “<span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.cato.org/pubs/policy_report/pr-so-js.html"><span style="color: #943634">The State of Humanity: Steadily Improving</span></a></span>,” <em>Cato Policy Report</em>, 1995:  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">“We have in our hands now &#8211; actually in our libraries &#8211; the <span>technology to feed</span>, clothe, and supply energy to an ever-growing population for the next <span>7<span>&nbsp; </span>billion years</span>.”  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in" class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: blue" lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Like so many modern business leaders, Simon does not appear to understand ecology or exponential growth. Our current human population, growing at just over 1% per year, will double every 60 years. (To find any <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.ecofuture.org/pop/facts/exponential70.html"><span style="color: #943634">doubling time</span></a></span>, divide the growth rate into the number 70). These doublings are the “squares” of the chess board. At this rate of growth, the human population on earth would reach an impossible 7 trillion people in 600 years, a tiny fraction of Simon’s “7 billion years.”  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Even if we assumed a slower population growth of only 0.1% per year, the population would reach over one trillion people in 5,000 years. A city such as Tokyo or New York would swell to over two billion people. It would not be possible to feed, house, or water, this population on Earth. The processing of waste and sewage would not be remotely achievable. The planet would be a cesspool of human waste. Simon was dead wrong by a factor of over a million.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Bargaining with nature  <o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">For the last two centuries, our consumption of critical resources – forests, energy, water, copper, phosphorus – has been growing over three times faster than population, at about 3.5 percent per year, meaning that humanity’s material consumption has been doubling every 20 years. We are now consuming about 8-thousand times as much as humans consumed in 1750. This is already more resources than the earth can supply. Humanity is in habitat overshoot, as evident by forest and soil loss, species extinction, and ocean and atmospheric pollution.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">At this rate, in twenty more years, we’ll be consuming 16-thousand times the 1750 level, and by 2050, 32-thousand times. Earth cannot supply this material growth. Like the naïve king, we have bankrupted our kingdom, the Earth itself.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">Some growth advocates claim we will save our growth economies with “efficiencies.” The history of human industrial development provides thousands of efficiency examples, which almost never result in less consumption of energy and materials. Rather, efficiency tends to make a resource cheaper, and therefore we consume more. This fact is well known in economics, called the “rebound” effect or “Jevons” effect, after William Jevons, who noticed that coal consumption increased as efficiencies increased.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0.25in 0pt 0in" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">Others bargain with natural law by claiming that we will “de-materialize growth” with new technologies. However, in every case in history, as economies grow, material and energy consumption grows. Marginal efficiency gains are swamped by population and consumption growth. Remember when people claimed that computers would save paper? It never happened. In 1950, before private computers, the human community used about 50 million tonnes of paper each year. Now, in the full-blown computer age, we use five times as much paper, 250 million tonnes per year.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0.25in 0pt 0in" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0.25in 0pt 0in" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">“Sustainable growth,” Dr. Bartlett reminds us, “is an oxymoron.” In nature, no such thing exists. So growth economists and politicians attempt to haggle with nature, proposing policies that might take us “<span>toward sustainability</span>” to hedge<strong> </strong>the obvious contradiction. We hear about policies that might make us “more sustainable,” which means what? That we will last a little longer before we collapse?  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">Our bargaining with nature won’t work. Growth and sustainability are not compatible in the material world. If humanity wants sustainability, we must abandon the belief in endless economic growth. We don’t get to re-write the laws of nature for our own convenience.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">Genuine Sustainability  <o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">When we get past our denial, anger, bargaining, and depression, when we finally accept the demands of ecology, what will real human sustainability look like?  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">First of all, when we talk about sustainable human civilization, we mean for thousands of years, not a few decades or until the next election. Sustainability in nature, dynamic equilibrium, allows diversity to increase and relationships to fluctuate, thus “dynamic,” but a species population and its consumption must cease growing, a state of balance we call homeostasis.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">When humanity achieves real sustainability, it will no longer be necessary to bulldoze more forests, erode soils, drain aquifers, dam more rivers, deplete non-renewable resources, and fill the atmosphere, land, rivers, and oceans with our waste.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Genuine sustainability will value localized trade over globalization, not relying on fossil fuels – ancient sunlight – to ship food and materials around the world. Real sustainability will solve problems with the simplest, low-technology, whole-systems-based solutions available. Such a system will be aware of scale, and will not assume that “more” and “bigger” are in any way equated with better. We will learn to value a genuinely rich quality of life over mere quantity of stuff, to value a living watershed or mountain over corporate profit.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Real sustainability will include social justice, because our current state of injustice breeds conflict, violence, and additional destruction of nature. Most current economic growth benefits the already wealthy. Real sustainability will reduce total consumption, while closing the gap between rich and poor. We will discover a new definition of wealth: The health of our living world.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US">As ecologists, we have to help humanity navigate through these difficult stages of grief over the fact that our very economic system is simply unsustainable. According to Dr. </span><span>Kübler-Ross’s observations, after we finish with our quibbling and bargaining, we may experience depression. We need to help our neighbours realize that accepting reality delivers us finally to the joyful stage of meaningful action.</span><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">==============<span>&nbsp; </span></font>  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Propaganda scuttles action in Copenhagen</title>
		<link>http://rexweyler.com/2009/12/02/propaganda-scuttles-hope-in-copenhagen/</link>
		<comments>http://rexweyler.com/2009/12/02/propaganda-scuttles-hope-in-copenhagen/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:37:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rex Weyler</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Copenhagen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[denial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DeSmogBlog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Exxon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Frank Luntz]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global warming]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IPCC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[James Hansen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[spin]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[How did the wealthiest captains of industry sabotage the climate action that might have saved our progeny from a century of chaos? As history has taught us: follow the money. ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.2in 0pt 0in" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="font-size: 11pt">“</span><font size="3"><strong><span style="font-weight: normal">There are many true things that are not useful for the vulgar crowd to know; and certain things, which although they are false it is expedient for the people </span></strong></font></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.2in 0pt 0in" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><strong><span style="font-weight: normal">to believe otherwise.</span></strong>”</font></p>
<p><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">  <o:p><font size="3">  <span id="more-95"></span>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.2in 0pt 0in" class="MsoNormal" align="center"></font></o:p>&nbsp;
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.2in 0pt 0in" class="MsoBlockText" align="center"><span><font size="3">- Augustine of Hippo, <em>City of God</em>, 426 A.D.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Car salesmen and burger tycoons have sabotaged the most important decision of our generation.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">As the highly-anticipated Copenhagen climate summit limps toward indecision, the largest money-making corporations on the planet privately celebrate their ability to undermine science and hijack the international political process.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US">The US – the greatest historic source of greenhouse gases – set the tone of duplicity in Copenhagen by offering “</span>provisional targets” (translation: fantasy targets) and <span lang="EN-US">“politically binding” agreements (translation: non-binding) and by replacing the 1990 greenhouse gas baseline with a 2005 baseline (to make the non-binding, fantasy “targets” sound more impressive.) China played along with this deception by offering to “cut emissions … relative to economic growth,” known as “carbon intensity reductions.” (Translation: no reduction at all). China’s actual emissions, and the world’s emissions, will continue to increase through the next decade.  <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">A year ago – as research data showed rates of melting ice and rising methane accelerating faster than the most extreme International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projections – it appeared that Copenhagen represented humanity’s last chance to reverse global warming. Now, decisive action appears to be melting with the ice sheets. Apologists for business-as-usual have forged scientific rigor into “uncertainty,” spun lies into doctrine, offered frivolous quibbling for serious debate, masqueraded corruption as compromise, and finally delivered double-talk for real commitment.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Like Augustine – who sixteen centuries ago rationalized war and torture for his bosses in the Roman state religion – our own modern sophists spin truth, rationalize crime, and scorn genuine science. Like ancient patricians, modern corporate royalty devise evermore extravagant comforts for themselves while banishing dispossessed multitudes to the evaporating elements. And how did the wealthiest captains of industry sabotage the climate action that might have saved our progeny from a century of chaos? As history has taught us: follow the money.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Crime of the Epoch  <o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">“ <span>Ecology</span>… <span>if taken seriously </span>as an instrument for the long-run welfare of mankind, would endanger the assumptions and practices accepted </font></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">by modern societies.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US">Paul Sears</span><span lang="EN-US"> (1964)  <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US">Four years ago, in December 2005, the IPCC published an upbeat </span>“Report on demonstrable progress under the Kyoto Protocol,” showing European nations on course, as promised, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by eight percent from the 1990 baseline levels. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">Meanwhile, in the United States, polls conducted by the University of Maryland and Chicago Council on Foreign Relations showed that over 70 percent of US citizens supported the Kyoto Treaty and carbon emission reductions. The developed nations, responsible for the scale of global warming, appeared ready to act. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">However, behind the scenes, in private board rooms and industry front groups, a powerful cadre of fossil fuel executives had a different and darker plan: Sabotage Kyoto and undermine the best scientific minds of our era. Like any other corporate project, these executives began by striking a budget. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">In 2008, the U.S. oil and gas industry added $46 million to its existing $82 million lobby budget, specifically to undermine climate action leading up to Copenhagen. This massive crusade – $128 million, 770 companies, and 2,340 lobbyists – set out to control the U.S. Congress and confuse the unsuspecting public. Meanwhile, American coal companies invested $40 million to sell the illusion of “clean coal,” while failing to install sequestration technology in even one single power plant. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">The campaign to deny human-based global warming and spread misinformation about climate science has been documented by hundreds of journalists, including David Adam and George Monbiot at the <em>UK Guardian</em>, Elizabeth Kolbert at <em>The New Yorker</em> magazine, and Andrew Revkin at <em>The New York Times</em>. </font><span style="font-size: 11pt">Internet sites such as <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/News.aspx?id=5298"><span style="color: #943634">The Royal Society</span></a></span>, <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/"><span style="color: #943634">OpenSecrets</span></a></span>, <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.prwatch.org/"><span style="color: #943634">PR Watch</span></a></span>, <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.desmogblog.com/"><span style="color: #943634">DeSmogBlog</span></a></span>, and Greenpeace’s <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" href="http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/campaigns/global-warming-and-energy/exxon-secrets"><span style="color: #943634">ExxonSecrets</span></a></span> have exposed the denialist tricks and tracked money back to the corporations that funded them. A new book by DeSmogBlog writers James Hoggan and Richard Littlemore, <em><span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/Climate-Cover-Up-Crusade-Global-Warming/dp/1553654854/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1250889752&amp;sr=8-1"><span style="color: #943634">Climate Cover Up</span></a></span></em>, documents the historic facts of this dark crusade.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt">The campaign to sow confusion about global warming has been funded by ExxonMobil, Shell Oil, BP, Texaco, the American Petroleum Institute, the Western Fuels Association, coal companies, and automobile companies such as General Motors, DaimlerChryler, and Ford. According to records kept by Bob Ward at the London School of Economics, Exxon has continued to subsidize lies about global warming for three years since promising to stop.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt">The attack on modern science resembles Seventeenth Century attempts to deny the cosmological observations of Copernicus and Galileo, and Nineteenth Century attempts to deny the biological observations of Lamarck and Darwin. Whereas the status quo once burned annoying scientists at the stake, they now bury them under a tsunami of public relations hype.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt"></span><span style="font-size: 11pt">  <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt">  <o:p></o:p></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Science by slogan  <o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3">“… <span lang="EN">one of the most disgusting stories ever hidden about corporate disinformation …proof of an intergenerational crime.”</span><span lang="EN"> </span></font></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="text-align: center; margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3">Dr. David Suzuki, geneticist, ecologist on <em>Climate Cover-Up</em></font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">Rather than use their resources to support data collection, the denial campaign invested in advertising slogans and public relations pitch artists. They created phony “citizens” groups, fake “green” astroturf organizations such as the Greening Earth Society (Western Fuels); the Global Climate Coalition (Exxon, Shell, GM); and the Natural Resources Stewardship Project (Canadian Gas Association) with the stated goal to “counter the Kyoto Protocol and other greenhouse gas reduction schemes.” They hired anyone who could pass as a “scientist” or “environmentalist,” as long as they repeated the industry talking points.</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Frank Luntz – a U.S. public relations mercenary, who once concocted slogans for embattled pharmaceutical companies, fast food chains, and the U.S. Republican Party – became one of the chief script writers in the crusade against global warming science. In 2007, after being accused of being “Orwellian,” Luntz told Terry Gross on National Public Radio that “to be Orwellian is to speak with absolute clarity,” a lie typical of Orwell’s “doublespeak.” Luntz advised the fossil fuel industry that the term “global warming … connotes catastrophic consequences,” and he taught spokespersons to say “climate change,” which presented “less of an emotional challenge.” He tutored them to call oil drilling “energy exploration” and to exploit common scientific dialogue as “uncertainty,” and to “portray the scientific community as divided.”  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><span>&nbsp;</span>  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">Key early denialist sloganeers – S. Fred Singer, Frederick Seitz, and industry front groups Heartland Institute and Competitive Enterprise Institute – had previously worked in tobacco industry campaigns to help conceal the health effects of cigarettes. There, they pioneered the tactics of creating phony “citizen” groups, avoiding real science journals, and sowing public confusion by parading hired “scientists” before sympathetic journalists. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">Certain media began to restate oil industry slogans to cast doubt on global warming. On February 15, 2009, <em>Washington Post</em> columnist <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://mediamatters.org/research/200904080020?f=h_latest"><span style="color: #943634">George Will</span></a></span> repeated in print the falsehood that global sea ice was expanding. In Canada, <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/884"><span style="color: #943634">Lawrence Solomon</span></a></span> – in the <em>National Post</em> on January 12, 2007 – misrepresented the views of Cambridge University scientist Dr. Nigel Weiss, a past president of the UK Royal Society. <span lang="EN-US">Even Burger King fast-food restaurants got into the act. In the state of Tennessee in the U.S., a dozen Burger King restaurants displayed signs proclaiming, “Global warming is baloney.” In this crusade, science appeared unnecessary wherever slogans could confuse the gullible public. </span></font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Real science  <o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">For almost two centuries, human scientists have known that carbon-dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere warm the earth. Joseph Fourier hypothesized the effect in 1824, John Tyndall proved it true thirty years later, and Svante Arrhenius predicted global warming from industrial carbon emissions in 1894, during the coal era.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US">In the 1950s, Roger Revelle and James Lovelock possessed the data about human carbon heating the atmosphere. Greenpeace had the data in the 1970s, when we first raised the issue. Science demonstrates that the current impact, or “forcing,” caused by human greenhouse gases is equal to </span><span style="color: black">about two and a half watts of energy per square-metre of Earth’s surface. </span><span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.giss.nasa.gov/staff/jhansen.html"><span style="color: #943634">James Hansen</span></a></span><span style="color: black"> at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies compares this heat force to stringing six 0.4-watt coloured light bulbs over every square meter of the earth’s surface, 3-million-billion bulbs burning year around, giving off heat, 24 hours a day. This represents the heat generated by human carbon in the atmosphere, melting the ice sheets, releasing methane, and generating forest loss, drought, and increased fire.  <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">The November <em><span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=seven-answers-to-climate-contrarian-nonsense"><span style="color: #943634">Scientific American</span></a></span></em> provides a special issue on climate science, including “Seven Answers to Climate Contrarian Nonsense,” as “evidence for human interference with Earth&#8217;s climate continues to accumulate.” </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">&nbsp; </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">A report this year from the <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/29/opinion/29krugman.html"><span style="color: #943634">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</span></a></span> shows:  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">1. Global greenhouse gas <span>emissions rising faster </span>than previously expected  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">2. Ocean and forest absorption of carbon dioxide is weaker than hoped  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3">3. S<span>elf-reinforcing</span> warming from methane, deteriorating forests, and other feedback effects is now occurring.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">The <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5g2cLL7s71JJ7CEdE8_neZnQd_FkgD9C5CGGO0"><span style="color: #943634">World Meteorological Organization</span></a></span> reports that in 2008, human CO</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3"> levels in the atmosphere grew at a record pace, 2 parts per million (ppm) over 2007 reaching 385.2 ppm. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">The <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/met/SCAR_ssg_ps/ACCE.htm"><span style="color: #943634">Standing Committee on Antarctic Research</span></a></span> – comprised of over 100 scientists from 13 countries – has issued their 2009 report, showing CO</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3"> and Methane levels higher and increasing faster than at any time in the last 800,000 years. The loss of Antarctic sea ice is directly affecting krill and penguin populations. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">Meanwhile, <span style="font-size: 11pt"><font size="3">26 of the world’s most imminent scientists from Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria, Canada, U.S., and Australia – including Dr. Robert Bindschadler at NASA; Dr. Hans J. Schellnhuber from Germany’s Potsdam Institute; Dr. Richard Somerville, Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Dr. Konrad Steffen, director of the Swiss Institute of Technology; and 22 other impeccable, senior world scientists – released the <span style="color: #943634"><a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.copenhagendiagnosis.com"><span style="color: #943634">Copenhagen Diagnosis: An update of the latest climate science</span></a></span>. The report shows</font> </span>that ice is melting faster than previously predicted and that claims of recent global cooling are wrong. These scientists warn humanity: </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">1. <strong>Surging greenhouse gas emissions</strong>: CO</font><sub><font size="2">2 </font></sub><font size="3">emissions in 2008 are nearly 40% higher than 1990. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">2. Recent warming trends demonstrate <strong>human-based warming</strong>: The temperature increase rate over the last 25 years is 0.19°C / decade, matching predictions. Despite a recent decrease in solar forcing, the warming trend continues and short-term fluctuations do not change this underlying trend<strong>.</strong></font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">3. <strong>Accelerated melting</strong> of ice sheets, polar caps, and glaciers: Satellite measurements show “beyond doubt” that the Greenland &amp; Antarctic ice sheets are losing mass at an increasing rate.</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">4. <strong>Rapid sea-ice decline</strong>: Summer melt of arctic ice has accelerated to 40% beyond the average of predictions from IPCC climate models. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">5. <strong>Sea level rise greater than expected</strong>: The global average sea rise of 3.4 mm/yr over 15 years is 80% above previous IPCC predictions. The scientists now expect at least 1-2 meters of sea rise this century. (A complete runaway ice melt would raise sea level by over 75 meters.) </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">6. <strong>Action delay risks additional deterioration</strong> of<strong> </strong>ice sheets, forest, and rain patterns. A business-as-usual scenario increases the risk of runaway global heating. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">7. <strong>Turning point needed soon</strong>: To avoid catastrophic heating, average annual per-capita emissions must shrink 80-95% below developed nations emissions in 2000. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">Human industrial fossil fuel burning has already triggered hotter global temperatures, forest die-off, drought, fires, and methane releases. These and future disasters remain the legacy of the denial crusaders. Future generations living with the consequences will judge these anti-science miscreants as we now judge those who once denied that the earth orbited the sun or those who argued that slavery was necessary for the economy. The climate deniers will go down in history as traitors to the planet. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3">In the 1970s, during the early years of Greenpeace, we used to light-heartedly describe the emerging environmental movement as “a 2000-year post-industrial mop up operation.” That now sounds like optimism. </font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"></font>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"></font>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><img style="width: 320px; height: 252px" title="" alt="" width="326" height="235" src="/wp-content/uploads/images/Mean%20temperature%20earth%201880%20-%202007%20Giss.gif" /></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3"></font></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">The average global temperature increase of human </font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">industrialism, </font></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">caused primarily by the burning of </font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">coal </font></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">and oil </font></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">and secondly by the destruction of the </font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">world&#8217;s </font></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">carbon capturing forests. </font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Note that short term fluctuations &#8212; up or down &#8212; </font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">do not </font></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">significantly change the modern warming trend. </font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3"></font></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">=============<span>&nbsp; </span></font></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><span></span></font></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt" align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><span></span>  <o:p></o:p></font></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'" lang="EN-US">  <o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Ecological Trauma and Recovery</title>
		<link>http://rexweyler.com/2009/07/05/ecological-trauma-and-recovery/</link>
		<comments>http://rexweyler.com/2009/07/05/ecological-trauma-and-recovery/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2009 19:16:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rex Weyler</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[denial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[eco-psychology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[enablers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature and Madness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paul Shepard]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waxman-Markey]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rexweyler.com/2009/07/05/ecological-trauma-and-recovery/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As a global community, we often appear as a dysfunctional family. We bicker constantly, the strong abuse the weak, and alleged leaders behave like addicts, unwilling to change the destructive habits that are destroying our home. As in any abusive relationship, the powerful proclaim a taboo against protest and vilify those who cry out as the crazy ones. 

]]></description>
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<p><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">As a global community, we often appear as a dysfunctional family. We bicker constantly, the strong abuse the weak, and alleged leaders behave like addicts, unwilling to change the destructive habits that are destroying our home. As in any abusive relationship, the powerful proclaim a taboo against protest and vilify those who cry out as the crazy ones. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Ten million people in our human family starve to death every year. Children serve as slaves and wither in factories, making trinkets for the rich. On top of this horrific injustice, we daily devastate the only source of real wealth: the earth itself. We lose fertile soil, discharge CO2 into the atmosphere, scatter toxins, turn grasslands into desert, and create islands of plastic garbage in the sea.  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Our governments and captains of industry shrug off the signs of dysfunction, and promise to “change,” to become “more sustainable,” like the alcoholic parent who promises to reform, but never does. Marketing geniuses dress up business-as-usual in a “green” disguise – printing pictures of the Earth on plastic containers of detergent – to ease our worries. The sanctioned voices of the status quo assure us that all is well. As rivers die and species vanish, some in our global family watch in horror, others in denial.  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Ecological psychology</span></strong><span lang="EN-US">:  <o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p>
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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A person today, whose senses remain alive, will experience trauma when witnessing the abusive exploitation of nature. They will cry out and try to fix the dysfunction. However, some people may suffer the trauma unconsciously, may not know what is missing in their life, may work in a technological environment for 50 weeks each year, and then flee into nature, where they can feel alive again, for a two week holiday.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Modern neuroses, so prevalent in industrial nations, can be traced to our separation from nature. The marvels and conveniences of technological society provide only a thin veneer over our natural being. We remain biophysical animals akin to ants and raccoons. Millennia ago, certain clever primates overwhelmed all other species by controlling fire and developing tools, winning hegemony over planet Earth, but in our fundamental instincts, desires, and reactions, we reflect a long evolution in the lap of nature.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Regardless of prevailing conceits, we retain learned patterns from 50 million years of primate evolution, 5 million years of hominid development, and 500,000 years of fire-bearing, tool-making hunter-gatherer culture. During this long genesis, humanity grew within the comfort and constraints of an intact ecosystem that supplied sustenance, vital lessons, wonder, and a home. Watching that home fall under the blade of industrialism shocks our system, whether we know it or not.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Although modest and physically challenging, primal life offered benefits and shaped our nature. Early humans, like all animals, matured in stable communities with relatively secure food supplies. For millennia, families remained intact and children grew up watching parents work, surrounded by nature – the ultimate parent – learning lessons from the wilderness and from all creatures.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">These natural comforts nourished us for 99.99 percent of our ancestral development. Then, only a few thousand years ago, some humans began living in urban environments, relying on remote agriculture, specialist skills, and the wiles of moneychangers. Within the last few hundred years, industrial culture has widened this separation from nature, divided families, and destroyed communities, creating alienated individuals clinging to scarce jobs and rewarded with packaged food and entertainment, the “bread and circuses” that Roman emperors bestowed to the peasants.  <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">In spite of our civilized ways, human psychology remains linked to our primal origins. As a result, we suffer the trauma of witnessing ecological abuse, watching wilderness obliterated, other creatures eradicated, and the earth diminished. </font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><strong>The</strong> <strong>capacity of feel</strong></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">According to Kathy McMahon, a clinical psychologist, who posts stories of environmental trauma on her <a title="" href="http://www.peakoilblues.com/"><font color="#990033">Peak Oil Blues</font></a> website, “We live in an insane culture. Rather than marginalize the cries for reform, we need to normalize the pain. Protest and concern are healthy reactions to loss and grief.”  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">McMahon believes we study the wrong people, those traumatized by war, violence, and environmental destruction. “We should study those who <em>aren’t </em>suffering these symptoms, the so-called ‘normals,’ who haven&#8217;t allowed these horrible experiences to impact their daily lives. What sort of individual feels none of these things? Those who can&#8217;t or don&#8217;t feel the loss or who don’t know why they are drinking and drugging themselves, that is the true tragedy.”<span>&nbsp; </span>  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Psychologist Chellis Glendinning – in the book <a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/Off-Map-Expedition-Empire-Economy/dp/0865714630/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpi_3"><font color="#990033">Off the Map</font></a> and essays such as “Recovery from Western Civilization” – describes the “original trauma” of living in industrial society, the failure of technology and globalization to provide essential comforts that nature and community once supplied. This loss, she explains, leads to addictive behaviour as people fill the void with consumption, drugs, and fashions. She describes a “desperate coping” manifested as addiction, anger, numbness, and attempts to appear “normal” by the standards of an insane culture.  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">A quarter century ago, ecological pioneer <a title="" href="http://www.primitivism.com/nature-madness.htm"><font color="#990033">Paul Shepard</font></a> examined natural alienation in <em>Nature and Madness</em> and other books. Shepard proposed that the deficient development of modern citizens has led society to the destruction of its habitat. Ancestral humans, he believed, acquired a healthy reciprocity with nature because young children experienced a mother always present, fathers with comprehensible roles, non-human beings in a primordial terrain, and deliberate adolescent initiation into adulthood.  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">On the other hand, Shepard explains, industrialized cultures have abandoned nature and divided families, leading to an arrested development. Poorly matured adults, Shepard says, harbour an infantile duality between themselves and nature, fear the organic world, and attempt to fulfill childish fantasies with patriotism, fundamentalism, or social status. Like Glendinning and McMahon, Shepard saw the symptoms of this “childhood botched,” in massive therapy, escapism, and intoxicants. He described our “increasing injury to the planet” as a “symptom of human psychopathology.”  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">“The only society more frightful than one run by children, as in Golding&#8217;s <em>Lord of the Flies</em>,” Shepard wrote in <em>Nature and Madness</em>, “might be one run by childish adults.”<span>&nbsp; </span>  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"><strong><span lang="EN-US">The enablers</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><span>&nbsp; </span>  <o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Addicts and abusers typically deny their actions, make promises about changing, and reward adult enablers, those intimidated into silence or enticed into support by a share of power’s rewards.<span>&nbsp; </span>  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">McMahon believes that “normal” acceptance, denial, and even support for ecological destruction “isn&#8217;t just misguided silliness, but financial self-interest. Most citizens are invested in or dependent on the lie,” she says. “A lot of money is riding on the insanity of depleting and destroying the biosphere.”  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">The status quo resists change by marginalizing and ridiculing the whistle-blowers. “Thus the media stereotypes of people concerned about ecological issues,” explains McMahon, “calling them names such as ‘Carborexics” or ‘gloom and doomers,’ creating a phony disorder in people driven to fear because they witness the abuse of the earth.”  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Bush administration lawyers <a title="" href="http://news.muckety.com/2009/04/20/release-of-new-torture-memos-puts-jay-bybee-on-hot-seat/14621"><font color="#990033">Jay S. Bybee and John C. Yoo</font></a>, who crafted rationalizations for torture, are typical enablers. For their contributions, Bybee earned a lifetime federal judge appointment, and Yoo a professorship at the University of California. When the American Psychiatric Association published a statement against torture, the American Psychological Association “decided” against such a statement. The U.S. military rewarded the psychologists with grants and contracts denied to the outspoken psychiatrists.  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">The U.S. “Waxman-Markey” climate bill demonstrates how an addict creates the impression of change while feeding the habit. The bill, just passed by the US House of Representatives, features free pollution permits for the biggest polluters and loopholes to help avoid genuine emissions reductions. Although scientists now estimate humanity must cut emissions by 50 to 80 % of 1990 levels to avoid climate disaster, the U.S. legislation suggests cuts of 4 %. Even so, the <em>New York Times</em> praised the bill as, “the most ambitious energy and global warming legislation ever debated in Congress.” To the extent this is true, it only exposes the deplorable record of the US Congress, but the&nbsp;statement in the <em>New York Times</em> attempts to make this sound like a success, concealing the failure and superficial pretense of this legislation.  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Al Gore applauded the bill as “a crucial step.” <span lang="EN-US">Joseph Romm, a physicist and climate expert, wrote, “How can I reconcile my climate science realism, which demands far stronger action than the Waxman-Markey bill requires, and my climate politics realism, which has led me to advocate passage of this flawed bill? The short answer is that Waxman-Markey is the only game in town.” Romm adds, “If Waxman-Markey becomes law, then I see a genuine 10% to 20% chance of averting catastrophe.”  <o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Would you accept a 10% chance of avoiding catastrophe for your children? Romm, Gore, and the journalists at the <em>New York Times</em> are smart people, and perhaps they think this slim chance is the best they can do for the human family. However, they are also deeply invested in the status quo. Like the abused wife who makes excuses for her alcoholic husband, they appear afraid of a divorce from the domineering power structure. </font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Al Gore, for example, is a principal in the venture capital fund, Generation Investment Management, along with David Blood and other alumni from Goldman-Sachs, the company that engineered the junk mortgage derivatives bubble and every other major pump and dump scam in America since 1920. They are positioned to make a lot of money from carbon trading deals, the next big stock market bubble. Will the company do any good. Maybe. Will it save the earth? Probably not. It will make a few very wealthy people wealthier and stimulate consumption. The point is, these enablers are invested in the status quo power structure and economic system responsible for reckless consumption and ecological overshoot of the planet. They will protect the abusers. Their&nbsp;support for the watered down, corporate-friendly, reality-denying Waxman-Markey bill shows their loyalty to the dysfunctional power brokers. </font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">In practical fact, the U.S. legislation will sabotage efforts to establish meaningful change at the Copenhagen climate conference later this year. A ten-percent chance of averting catastrophe provides scant comfort to our children.  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><strong><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Recovery  <o:p></o:p></font></font></span></strong></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US">Chellis Glendinning writes, “the ultimate goal of recovery is to refind our place in nature &#8230; to feel, to come alive, to come out from under the deadening of the </span>machines and the mechanistic worldview.” Paul Shepard found hope in the fact that, “Beneath the veneer of civilization … lies not the barbarian and the animal, but the human in us who knows what is right and necessary for becoming fully human.” </font></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Shepard saw recovery through rediscovering “<span lang="EN-US">this full and natural human.” He wrote that to rebuild healthy adults, children must be born in gentle surroundings and grow up exposed to a rich nonhuman environment. A healthy youth must experience juvenile tasks, use simple tools, and learn “the discipline of natural history.” Finally, adolescents must learn the “metaphorical significance” of natural phenomena and experience the “ritual initiation and subsequent stages of adult mentorship.”  <o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">Humanity, on a path to destruction, requires an intervention. As Jiddu Krishnamurti wrote in the 1970s: “It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society.” </font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">rw. July 2009. </font></font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">==========================&nbsp; </font></font></span></p>
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